Destilasi Menggunakan Tenaga Surya

Abstract

Sources of fresh water in the coastal areas begin to be difficult to obtain because the water has been polluted and the sea water level has increased due to global warming which turns the sources of fresh water in the ground of coastal areas into salt water. The desalination system in a way of Distillation is an effective way to be applied in such area. Destillation, in this thesis, utilizes heat from solar energy to convert water from liquid phase into gas (evaporated), and the gas will convert into liquid (condensed) with condensation system. In this thesis, the distillator has a capacity of 10 Liters with p×l×t = 40 cm×25 cm×15 cm. It builds of two surface turning cover that will capture steam. The destilator uses alumunium and is coated by concreate. A cover glass used is float glass thickly 5 mm. The insulator uses glasswool thickly 1 cm and coated with mahogany which thickly 1 cm on each side. The condenser in destilator uses blower fan 12V DC that is directed to the glass to keep its temperature coller than that of its environment and that inside the distillator. This distillator also has measurment conductivity sensor, temperature, and the amount of water. All data sensor will be processed by Arduino Mega 2560. From the tests that have been done, the average of destilator system produces 708.6 mL of fresh water when an average temperature of 40.92℃. The conductivity sensor has ± 1.76% of error, ± 0.37℃ of temperature sensor error, and ± 0.3 cm of the volume measurement error which parameters can be displayed on LCD 20 × 4.