Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Jamur Ligninolitik serta Perbandingan Kemampuannya dalam Biodelignifikasi = Isolation and Characterization of Ligninolytic Fungi and the Ability of Biodelignification

Abstract

Fungi are organisms that can survive in various environments with different media, one of them is a wood. The wood substance that is not easily degraded is lignin which has a polymer and only a few can be hydrolyzed because the structure is heterogeneous and complex. According to some studies, ligninolytic fungi can also degrade different types of pollutant compounds. Extracellular enzyme produced by this fungus causes the fungus to withstand exposure to chemicals that are toxic or mutagenic. Lignin decomposers are also known to play a role in the pulping process of paper mills, also used in waste treatment such as textile and hydrocarbon wastes. Once the importance role of lignin decomposing fungi, research in this field continues to be developed. Fungi isolation is also increasingly being done so that more fungi are found that have the capability in biodelignification and developed in their use for various fields related to waste treatment and other environmental pollutants. This study was conducted to obtain fungal isolates that have biodelignification capability and compare the ability of fungal isolates to degrade lignin. The research was conducted with a sample of rotten wood and soil with isolation medium using selective lignin medium with tannin acid as sole C source. The isolate obtained, characterized by its morphology and identified by reference book Morphology and Taxonomy of Fungi (Bessey, 1950). Comparison of the ability of fungi in biodelignification is done by comparing the size of the clear zone formed on selective lignin media. From the research, 14 isolates of fungi have biodelignification ability. Aspergillus niger fungi isolate has the highest biodelignification capability with a clear zone diameter of 6.45cm (7th day) while the lowest activity is owned by Aureobasidium sp. with a clear zone diameter of 1.9cm (7th day).