Hubungan antara Hiperurisemia dengan Hiperglikemia pada Laki-laki Suku Jawa

Abstract

Prevalensi penyakit degeneratif terutama penyakit metabolik di Indonesia dalam 10 tahun terakhir semakin meningkat. Studi keterkaitan antara hiperurisemia dan hiperglikemia telah dilaporkan dalam konteks klinis dan sangat terbatas dalam konteks populatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis prevalensi hiperurisemia, menganalisis hubungan antara asam urat, gula darah puasa serta faktor antropometrik lain yang memengaruhi pada laki-laki usia lanjut-manula Suku Jawa di Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. Metode: Penelitian dilakukan secara studi potong lintang (cross-sectional) terhadap laki-laki dari populasi umum di Desa Ngebung (Sragen, Jawa Tengah) berumur ≥ 50. Jumlah sampel sebesar 108 orang berasal dari total populasi laki-laki umur ≥ 50 sebesar 359 orang (30%) di Desa tersebut (Jumlah total penduduk laki-laki di desa tersebut sebesar 1133). Pengukuran meliputi kadar asam urat darah, glukosa darah puasa, antropometri (tinggi badan, berat badan, lingkar pinggang, dan pinggul). Data dianalisis menggunakan statistik Kruskal-Wallis, Spearman, dan Binary Logistic Regression. Hasil Penelitian: Hasil analisis menunjukkan prevalensi hipourisemia mencapai 2.8%, normal 46.3%, dan hiperurisemia 50.9%. Adapun prevalensi penderita hipoglikemia sebesar 3.7%, normoglikemia 49.1%, dan hiperglikemia 47.2%. Konsentrasi asam urat berhubungan positif dengan IMT (r = 0.204, p < 0.05), GDP (r = 0.184, p ≥ 0.05), dan RLPP (r = 0.107, p > 0.05), tetapi variabel umur memiliki hubungan negatif (r = -0.016, p > 0.05). Odds ratio menunjukkan penderita hiperurisemia berpeluang mengalami hiperglikemia 0.29 kali (confidence interval [CI] 95%, 0.12–0.69, p < 0.05) setelah dilakukan penyesuaian dengan faktor umur, RLPP, dan IMT. Kesimpulan: Pada laki-laki usia lanjut-manula di desa tersebut memiliki rata-rata konsentrasi asam urat yang tinggi (50.9% responden ≥ 7 mg/dL) dan hiperurisemia berhubungan positif dengan hiperglikemia.

The prevalence of degenerative diseases, especially metabolic diseases in Indonesia in the last 10 years is increasing. Studies of the linkage between hyperuricemia and hyperglycemia have been reported in a clinical context and very limited in a populative context. This study was aimed at analyzing the prevalence of hyperuricemia in Javanese men, by analyzing the relationship between uric acid, Fasting Plasma Glucose, and other anthropometric factors that affect Javanese older males in Central Java, Indonesia. Methods: The study was conducted by cross-sectional study of men from the general population in Ngebung village (Sragen, Central Java) aged ≥ 50. The sample size of 108 people came from the total population of men aged ≥ 50 of 359 people ( 30%) in the village (Total number of male population in the village is 1133). Measurements include blood uric acid levels, fasting blood glucose, anthropometry (height, weight, waist circumference, and hip). The data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis, Spearman, and Binary Logistic Regression statistics. Results: The results showed that the prevalence of hypouricemia reached 2.8%, normal 46.3%, and hyperuricemia 50.9%. Meanwhile, the prevalence of hypoglycemia was 3.7%, normoglycemia 49.1%, and hyperglycemia 47.2%. The concentration of uric acid had a positive correlation with BMI (r = 0.204, p < 0.05), FPG (r = 0.184, p ≥ 0.05), and WHR (r = 0.107, p > 0.05), but the age variable had a negative correlation (r = -0.016, p > 0.05). After adjusting the age, WHR, and BMI variables, odds ratio showed that hyperuricemia people were 0.29 likely to suffer from hyperglycemia (confidence interval [CI] 95%, 0.12–0.69, p < 0.05).