Pengaruh Perilaku Kewirausahaan terhadap Kinerja Usaha Petani Penerima Program Puap di Kecamatan Pandawai Kabupaten Sumba Timur

Abstract

Program Pengembangan Usaha Agribisnis Perdesaan (PUAP) merupakan program pengentasan kemiskinan yang dilaksanakan dengan pemberian bantuan modal kepada petani dengan pola dasar pelaksanaannya melalui pendidikan dan pelatihan kewirausahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor internal, dinamika Gapoktan dan faktor lingkungan usaha terhadap kinerja usaha melalui perilaku kewirausahaan petani penerima program PUAP. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Februari 2018 hingga bulan April 2018 di Kecamatan Pandawai, Kabupaten Sumba Timur. Data yang digunakan diperoleh dari hasil wawancara menggunakan kuesioner terhadap 115 responden petani penerima dana PUAP yang dipilih dengan teknik simple random sampling. Pemodelan dan estimasi parameter model dilakukan dengan pendekatan analisis Structural Equation Model (SEM), sedangkan dalam pengolahan datanya menggunakan software Excel, SPSS versi 25, dan Amos versi 24. Faktor internal petani penerima program PUAP tidak signifikan berpengaruh terhadap perilaku kewirausahaan, sedangkan dinamika Gapoktan dan lingkungan usaha berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap perilaku kewirausahaan. Perilaku kewirausahaan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja usaha, maka dengan adanya peningkatan perilaku kewirausahaan akan meningkatkan kinerja usaha petani penerima program PUAP di Kecamatan Pandawai.

Rural Agribusiness Development (PUAP) is an implementation program of poverty alleviation which provides capital assistance for farmers with basic pattern of implementation through entrepreneurship education and training. This study aims to determine the effect of internal factors, dynamics of Gapoktan, and supporting factors of the PUAP program on entrepreneurial behavior of farmers and to determine the effect of entrepreneurial behavior on the business performance of farmers who receive PUAP programs. This research was conducted in Pandawai subdistrict, East Sumba regency. The data used in this research were obtained from the interview results using questionnaires on 115 respondents who received PUAP funds, selected by simple random sampling technique. Modeling and model parameter estimation were carried out using the Structural Equation Model (SEM) analysis approach, while the data processing was carried out using Amos 24 software. The result of this study indicates that the internal factor of PUAP recipient farmers has a positive yet not significant effect on entrepreneurial behavior, while the dynamics of Gapoktan and the supporting factors of the PUAP program positively and significantly influence the entrepreneurial behavior. Entrepreneurial behavior has a positive and significant effect on business performance. Thus, by increasing the entrepreneurial behavior, it will improve the business performance of farmers who receive the PUAP programs in Pandawai subdistrict.