Gambaran Pola Makan dan Kualitas Tidur pada Remaja Overweight selama Pandemi COVID-19 di SMA dan SMK Swasta Kota Salatiga

Abstract

Perubahan mendadak akibat penyebaran virus COVID-19 sangat terlihat pada kebiasaan dan gaya hidup. Salah satu kelompok usia yang terkena dampak pandemi COVID-19 adalah usia remaja. Beberapa masalah muncul pada remaja akibat pembatasan sosial berskala besar seperti pola makan dan kualitas tidur. Belum banyak yang melakukan penelitian tentang pola makan dan kualitas tidur selama pandemi COVID-19khususnya di Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) dan Kejuruan (SMK) Swasta di Kota Salatiga. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui gambaran pola makan dan kualitas tidur selama pandemi pada remaja gizi lebih di Kota Salatiga. Metode yang akan digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif dengan kriteria inklusi, yaitu siswa/I berusia 15-18 tahun, memiliki Indeks Massa Tubuh +1 SD sd + 2 SD dan bersedia menjadi responden penelitian. Kriteria eksklusi pada penelitian ini, yaitu remaja yang sedang sakit dan tidak bersedia menjadi responden penelitian. Teknik pengambilan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan estimasi dalam waktu 1 bulan terakhir pengukuran antropometri (BB,TB) dikarenakan karena pandemi COVID-19 maka dilakukan secara online menggunakan google form. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah berupa kuesioner kualitas tidur (Kuesioner Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index/PSQI) dan kuesioner FFQ (Food Frequency Questionaire). Data yang telah terkumpul akan dianalisa secara deskriptif yang disajikan dalam bentuk grafik dan naratif. Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan kualitas tidur responden mayoritas adalah berkategori kualitas tidur buruk sebanyak 53% dan pola makan responden mayoritas berkategori pola makan kurang sebanyak 43%. Kesimpulannya adalah mayoritas responden berkategori kurang pada kualitas tidur dan pola makan dikarenakan kebiasaan yang kurang baik selama pandemi COVID-19 yang menyebabkan responden juga mengalami stress sehingga meningkatkan keinginan untuk mengonsumsi kudapan.

Sudden changes due to the spread of the COVID-19 virus are very visible in habits and lifestyle. One of the age groups affected by the COVID-19 pandemic is teenagers. Several problems arise in adolescents due to large-scale social restrictions such as diet and sleep quality. Not many have conducted research on diet and sleep quality during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in private high schools (SMA) and vocational (SMK) in Salatiga City. The purpose of this study was to describe the pattern of eating and sleep quality during the pandemic in overnourished adolescents in Salatiga City. The method that will be used is descriptive quantitative with inclusion criteria, namely students / I aged 15-18 years, have a Body Mass Index +1 SD to + 2 SD and are willing to be research respondents. The exclusion criteria in this study were adolescents who were sick and not willing to be research respondents. The data collection technique in this study was carried out with an estimate within the last 1 month of anthropometric measurements (BB, TB) due to the COVID-19 pandemic, it was carried out online using the google form. The research instrument used was a sleep quality questionnaire (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index/PSQI) and a FFQ (Food Frequency Questionnaire) questionnaire. The data that has been collected will be analyzed descriptively which is presented in the form of graphs and narratives. The results of this study stated that the sleep quality of the majority of respondents was categorized as poor sleep quality as much as 53% and the majority of respondents' eating patterns were categorized as poor eating patterns as much as 43%. The conclusion is that the majority of respondents are categorized as lacking in sleep quality and eating patterns due to bad habits during the COVID-19 pandemic which causes respondents to also experience stress, thereby increasing the desire to eat snacks.