Keanekaragaman Hama Tanaman Kedelai dan Musuh Alaminya yang Ditemukan di Pertanaman Demplot Desa Kadirejo – Kabupaten Semarang

Abstract

Several high-yielding soybean varieties have been released by the Government of Indonesia, but need to be socialized, among others, through demonstration plots. However, the results obtained in the demonstration plots often have gaps with the potential yields, caused by, among other things, pest attacks. Soybean pests naturally have enemies, so to minimize the use of pesticides, it is necessary to take advantage of these natural enemies. This study aims to inventory the types of soybean pests and their natural enemies so that they can be taken into consideration in determining the method of controlling soybean pests. The research was conducted in Kadirejo Village, Pabelan District, Semarang Regency from June to September 2022. The superior varieties planted were Sugentan2 (4,331 m2 ), Gamasugen2 (1,535 m2 ) and Grobogan (412 m2 ). Inventories are carried out both in tiled plots and in general at demonstration plot locations. The observed insects were then photographed and identified. The results of the inventory showed that there were 12 types of pests and 3 types of natural enemies. The dominant pest is from the family Aphididae, the dominant natural enemy is from the family Coccinellidae

Beberapa varietas unggul kedelai telah dirilis Pemerintah Indonesia, namun perlu disosialisasikan antara lain melalui demontrasi plot (demplot). Namun hasil yang diperoleh dalam demplot seringkali masih ada kesenjangan dengan potensi hasilnya, disebabkan antara lain oleh serangan hama. Secara alami hama tanaman kedelai memiliki musuh sehingga untuk meminimalisir penggunaan pestisida perlu memanfaatkan musuh alami tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan menginventarisir jenis hama tanaman kedelai dan musuh alaminya agar menjadi bahan pertimbangan dalam menentukan metode pengendalian hama tanaman kedelai. Penelitian dilakukan di Desa Kadirejo, Kecamatan Pabelan, Kabupaten Semarang pada bulan Juni hingga September 2022. Varietas unggul yang ditanam adalah Sugentan2 (4.331 m2 ), Gamasugen2 (1.535 m2 ) dan Grobogan (412 m2 ). Inventarisasi dilakukan baik dalam petak ubinan maupun secara umum di lokasi demplot. Serangga yang teramati kemudian difoto dan dilakukan identifikasi. Hasil inventarisasi menunjukkan ada 12 jenis hama dan ada 3 jenis musuh alami. Hama yang dominan adalah dari keluarga Aphididae musuh alami yang dominan adalah dari keluarga Coccinellidae