Kesejahteraan Psikologis Tenaga Kesehatan sebelum dan selama Pandemi Covid-19

Abstract

Petugas kesehatan sebagai garda terdepan berisiko tinggi terinfeksi Covid-19 dalam memberikan pelayanan. Jumlah kematian yang bertambah, penyebaran yang sangat cepat, menyebabkan tenaga kesehatan berisiko mengalami masalah psikologis. Kesejahteraan psikologis merupakan kemampuan individu memiliki penerimaan diri yang baik, membentuk hubungan baik terhadap sesama, mandiri secara tekanan sosial, mampu mengontrol lingkungan eksternal, mempunyai arti hidup, serta merealisasikan diri secara terus-menerus. Tujuan Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendeskripsikan perbedaan kesejahteraan psikologis (psychological well-being) tenaga kesehatan sebelum dan selama pandemi Covid-19 di RSUP dr.Johannes Leimena Ambon. Metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan retrospektif pada hasil uji beda sebelum dan selama terjadi pandemi Covid-19. Data diambil dengan teknik survei menggunakan kuesioner kesejahteraan psikologis sebagai instrumennya. Teknik analisa data menggunakan teknik Komparatif, cara uji statistik menggunakan uji Paired T-Test. Hasil uji sample Paired Test nilai signifikan one sided p (.001), two sided p (.003) < 0,05 menunjukkan adanya perbedaan antara variabel psychological well-being Tenaga Kesehatan sebelum dan selama pandemi Covid-19. Kesimpulan tenaga kesehatan memenuhi enam dimensi kesejahteraan psikologis yaitu dapat menerima diri, memiliki hubungan positif terhadap sesama, kemandirian, penguasaan lingkungan, tujuan hidup dan bertumbuh secara pribadi. Sehingga mampu mempertahankan kinerja dan kepuasan kerja. Dengan demikian, psychological well-being tenaga kesehatan tetap terjaga dalam situasi sebelum maupun selama pandemi.

Health workers as the frontline are at high risk of being infected with COVID-19 in providing services. The increasing number of deaths, and the rapid spread, puts health workers at risk of psychological problems. Psychological well-being is the ability of individuals to have good self-acceptance, form good relationships with others, be independent through social pressure, control the external environment, deceive the meaning of life, and realize themselves continuously. Purpose This study was conducted to describe the differences in psychological well-being of health workers before and during the COVID-19 pandemic at dr. Johannes Leimena Ambon. Quantitative research method with a retrospective approach on the results of differential tests before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data was taken by survey technique using a psychological well-being questionnaire as an instrument. The data analysis technique uses the Comparative technique, the statistical test method uses the Paired T-Test test. The results of the Paired Test sample test showed significant values of one-sided p (.001), and two-sided p (.003) < 0.05 showing that there was a difference between the psychological well-being variables of health workers before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. In conclusion, health workers meet six dimensions of psychological well-being, namely self-acceptance, having positive relationships with others, independence, mastery of the environment, life goals, and personal growth. So that it can maintain performance and job satisfaction. Thus, the psychological well-being of health workers is kept in the situation before and during the pandemic.