Analisis Kualitas Konsumsi Zat Gizi Mikro pada Makanan Pendamping Anak di Kecamatan Nosu, Kabupaten Mamasa

Abstract

1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan (1000 HPK) merupakan masa anak rentan mengalami kekurangan zat gizi mikro: vitamin dan mineral. MP-ASI bagi anak usia 6 – 23 bulan harus mengandung nilai gizi tinggi agar asupan zat gizi anak tercukupi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis kualitas konsumsi zat gizi mikro yaitu vitamin A, zat besi, zink dan kalsium pada MP-ASI di Kecamatan Nosu, Kabupaten Mamasa. Penelitian dilakukan tanggal 20 Maret – 20 Mei 2024. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross sectional. Sampel ditentukan menggunakan teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling. Sampel dihitung menggunakan rumus Slovin sehingga diperoleh jumlah sampel 48. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara Food Recall 2×24 Hours dan Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ). Tingkat konsumsi zat gizi mikro dikelompokkan menjadi kategori cukup dan kurang. Hasil penelitian ini anak usia 6 – 11 bulan sebagian besar memiliki tingkat kecukupan zat gizi mikro kategori kurang: vitamin A sebesar 71,43% laki-laki dan 50% perempuan, zat besi 100%, zink 71,43% laki-laki dan 25% perempuan, kalsium 100% laki-laki dan 75% perempuan. Anak usia 12 – 23 bulan sebagian besar memiliki tingkat kecukupan zat gizi mikro kategori cukup: vitamin A 80% laki-laki dan 58,82% perempuan, zink 80% laki-laki dan 70,59% perempuan, kalsium 65% laki-laki dan 41,18% perempuan. Tingkat kecukupan zat besi termasuk kategori kurang: 90% laki-laki dan 94,12% perempuan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah konsumsi vitamin A, zat besi, zink dan kalsium pada anak usia 6 – 11 bulan melalui pemberian MP-ASI tergolong kategori kurang (<77% AKG) dan pada anak usia 12 – 23 bulan tergolong kategori cukup (>77% AKG), kecuali zat besi (<77% AKG) The First 1000 Days of Life (1000 HPK) is a period when children are vulnerable to micronutrient deficiencies: vitamins and minerals. Complementary food for children aged 6 – 23 months must contain high nutritional value to fulfill the child's nutrient intake. The purpose of this study was to analyze the quality of micronutrient consumption, namely vitamin A, iron, zinc and calcium in complementary foods in Nosu Sub-district, Mamasa District. The research was conducted on March 20 - May 20, 2024. This study used cross sectional method. The sample was determined using purposive sampling technique. The sample was calculated using the Slovin formula to obtain a sample size of 48. Data collection was carried out through Food Recall 2×24 Hours and Semi Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) interviews. The level of micronutrient consumption was categorized as adequate and insufficient. The results of this study showed that children aged 6 – 11months mostly had insufficient levels of micronutrients: vitamin A 71,43% of males and 50% of females, iron 100%, zinc 71,43% of males and 25% of females, calcium 100% of males and 75% of females. Children aged 12 – 23 months mostly had adequate levels of micronutrients: vitamin A 80% of males and 58,82% of females, zinc 80% of males and 70,59% of females, calcium 65% of males and 41.18% of females. Iron sufficiency levels were categorized as insufficient: 90% of males and 94,12% of females. In conclusion, the consumption of vitamin A, iron, zinc and calcium in children aged 6 – 11 months through complementary feeding was categorized as insufficient (<77% AKG) and in children aged 12 – 23 months as sufficient (>77% AKG), except for iron (<77% AKG)