Pertumbuhan dan Respon Antioksidatif Sonchus oleraceus pada Kondisi Cekaman Logam Berat Cd(II), Pb(II), Cu(II) dan Cr(VI) = The Growth and Antioxidative Responses of Sonchus oleraceus Under Cu(II), Pb(II), Cd(II) and Cr(VI) Stress Condition

Abstract

The rapid pace of growth pose a real impact in the form of increased heavy metal waste that causes environmental pollution. The more heavy metals that contaminate the soil are chromium(Cr), lead(Pb), cadmium(Cd), copper(Cu). The plant that grow in soil containing heavy metals will be stunted, and can increase the production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). In dealing with the excess amount of ROS, plants have an enzimatic defense system, by using superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxide (APX). The aim of this study was to determine and analyze the Sonchus oleraceus plant response to heavy metals stress, seen from the growth and antioxidative defense enzymatically. Research carried out experimentally using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments and five replications. The metal concentrations given are 10 ppm. The presence of heavy metals in the growing medium significantly decreased the plant height and Sonchus oleraceus leaf area, so the impact is on the weight of wet and dry weight. The toxicity of Cr, Cd, Pb and Cu increases the activity of SOD and APX enzymes, but decrease the activity of the CAT enzyme. Chromium is a metal that has significant influence on the growth and activity of SOD, APX, and CAT enzymes in Sonchus oleraceus.